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Headers, Footers,
and Watermarks - how to start,
stop, change, replace, delay, overlay, and remove them
Some related items:
Page
identification topics -
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SupDelay
macro - Automatically set up "second pages" with
"page identifiers" using Suppress and Delay codes
Page identification tips - Create
even and odd page identification in headers or footers - Create a third
type of "header" or "footer" for additional
identifying information
Stamps - Creating "DRAFT," "COPY,"
and other identification stamps on the pages of a document
LetterHd - An automated letterhead template with
second page identifiers
HFmach - The "Header/Footer Machine"
macro
How to
create "Continued on Page x" footers where "x" is the number of
the following page
Using
two footers simultaneously
(one for page number, the other for separator line and filename,
etc.) so that items do not overlap
Outside
the margins - Creating
text outside a document's page margins, along the edge
of the page(s) |
Other
related pages -
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Mixing
landscape and portrait pages: How to maintain headers, footers,
and page numbering at the top and bottom of all pages when you
mix landscape orientation with portrait
Pleadings - Modify the legal Pleading feature
(in Watermark B) |
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Headers, footers, and watermarks are available
on the Insert menu in WordPerfect. They will be visible
onscreen in Page mode (View, Page), or if you are directly editing
them. They usually contain text, but can contain graphic images
and format codes (page number, current date, filename, line justification,
etc.).
Like page numbering, they are
considered "repeating elements" or "repeating
substructures" because they are designed to automatically
display on more than one pages even though you (typically) need
only create them once in a document.
WordPerfect provides two "flavors"
(i.e., varieties, or types) of each of these three elements,
A and B, so you have six more ways to add extra
information -- often called "page identification" --
to multiple pages in your documents.
For a brief tutorial on headers
and footers, see Adding
Headers and Footers to Your Documents by Laura Acklen.
For specific topics, see the
sidebar on the left, or simply scroll down on this page.
TIP: Check out the context-sensitive
Property bars
Once one of these repeating elements
is on screen (see the next topic, "How
to start them"), and your cursor is inside it, it is
worth exploring the Property bar that appears for useful features
related to that element, such as buttons to insert a page number
inside a footer or set headers to display on even
and odd pages.
Property bars for these elements
are visible only when your cursor is inside one of them and
View, Toolbars, Property Bar is enabled.
Note that if you use the Property
bar button to put page numbers inside a header or footer, you
probably will want to turn normal page numbering off
(if it was turned on) with Format, Page, Numbering, Position:
<No page numbering>. Otherwise you will get two numbers
on each page, one in the header or footer and one on the page
itself. (For more on page numbering see the links in the sidebar
column on the left.)
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How to start them
You can start
one of these repeating elements on a certain page by simply placing
your cursor on that page (usually at the top) and creating the
element there using the Insert menu. Select the element
you need -- Header/Footer or Watermark -- then
select the type (A or B) and click Create.
Go on from there to create the header, footer, or watermark by
typing text, etc. (See Laura Acklen's tutorial
on creating headers and footers for representative examplea,
such as adding page numbers in a header or footer, adding the
current document's filename, etc.)
When you are finished, exit from
the header, footer, or watermark with the Close button on the
Property bar, or just click in the main document. (To see them
on screen you should not be in Draft view [on the View menu].)
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How to stop them
There are two ways to do this.
 You can suppress any of these elements (and page numbering, too)
on a given page with Format, Page, Suppress. Such repeating
elements will still show up on other pages (if any); they are
merely stopped (suppressed) from displaying on the page with
a [Suppress] code. This can be handy if you only need a page
or two without headers, footers, or watermarks.
For example, if Header A is suppressed
on page 3, you would have the sequence AAXAAA...., where "X"
is a page without the header.
Schematically (for the first
several pages) -
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Header A |
Header A |
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Header A |
Header A |
Header A |
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[In some versions of WordPerfect,
editing pre-existing choices in the Suppress dialog to
change your choices can cause the Suppress code to be removed
from the document (it's a bug), so it is a good idea to examine
the document to see if this happens. If it does, simply reapply
your choices at that page location with Format, Page, Suppress.]
You can also discontinue a header, footer or watermark from the Insert
menu (e.g., Insert, Header/Footer, Header A, Discontinue).
That means that the item will show up on all pages prior
to the one where it was discontinued. This is normally done at
the bottom of the last page where you want the header, footer,
or watermark to show up. Discontinuing these structures might
be useful when you do not want any more of them to show up in
the rest of your document (e.g., in an Appendix or Index) or
for a given section of your document (i.e., spanning more than
one page).
[Note that you can create a new
header, footer, or watermark of the same "flavor" (A
or B) from the Insert menu (e.g., Insert, Header/Footer, Header
A, Create) and it will automatically discontinue
the existing item, and replace it with the new version from that
point forward until it is discontinued or replaced with yet another
new version (if any). You do not have to discontinue a header,
footer, or watermark to start a new, different one. See the
next section.]
If, for example, Header A is
discontinued on page 3, you would have the sequence AAXXXX....
Schematically (for the first
several pages) -
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How to change or replace them
To change
the content of the currently displayed header/footer/watermark
(either A or B), you can edit the current version
of the item in one of two ways. First, place your cursor on the
page that displays the item you want to change, then either (1)
click Insert, Header/Footer, Footer A, Edit, or (2) click inside
the header/footer/watermark itself (assuming you are not in Draft
view) and edit it directly. Click anywhere in the main document
area to exit, or click the Close button on the property bar.
IMPORTANT: All such changes will affect the display
of the header/footer/watermark you are editing. That is, the
changes will show up on any previous pages where the current
item is displayed, as well as on any following pages. You need
only edit the current item on any page where it displays
in order to change the same item on all pages.
Schematically (for the first
several pages) -
If you Edit Header A
on page 4 to make a change to the Header...
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Header A |
Header A |
Header A |
Edit
(change)
Header A |
Header A |
Header A |
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...it will
produce this change in the document:
Changed
Header
A |
Changed
Header
A |
Changed
Header
A |
Changed
Header
A |
Changed
Header
A |
Changed
Header
A |
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To replace
(supersede) the content of a header/footer/watermark (either
A or B) somewhere in the document after the
page where you first created that item, and leave the previous
version of that item unchanged, you must create a new
one (of the same type, A or B) at the new location where you
want the change to take effect.
This is often done to change
chapter or section titles in a manuscript's header. Just create
a new header of the same type (A or B) on the new page
with Insert, Header/Footer, Header (A or B), Create, and
it will supplant the old one.
For example:
To change the text or other content
in Header A starting on page 4, and continuing
on the following pages (but not on the previous pages),
you would --
- place your cursor on page 4
-- usually at the top of the page;
- click Insert, Header/Footer,
Header A, Create (not Edit);
- insert -- i.e., paste or type
-- the new content inside the new, empty header (N.B.: Don't
delete or edit the [Open Style] code inside the header area,
unless you need to do so for a specific reason; see Footnote
2); then
- exit from the header by clicking
anywhere in the main document area, or by clicking the Close
button on the property bar.
You should now see the new Header A's
content take effect on that page, and the old Header A's
content should stop on the previous page, as shown schematically
in the diagram below. (You will also see a new [Header A]
code in the Reveal Codes pane on page 4. This tells WordPerfect
where to start the new version of Header A.)
As previously noted, if you simply
edit the current header (e.g., with Insert, Header/Footer, Footer
A, Edit) you will change the current item wherever
it is displayed in the document. That is, the change will show
up in the same item on all previous pages as well as all following
pages. To change Header A (using our example) to something
else, you must cause a new Header A to "take over"
from the older Header A. (The same thing applies to footers
and watermarks.)
Some users try and replace an
existing header/footer/watermark at some point after page 1 by
editing the existing item, rather than by creating a brand new
one on the later page. This is a common mistake, and probably
stems from the idea that headers, footers, or watermarks seem
to "flow" only in one direction -- forward to the end
of the document -- much like applying a new font type at a specific
location. In fact, editing one of these elements simply changes
the display of that item on all pages where it
is set to display -- both on previous pages (if any) and on following
pages (if any). These elements are displayed in both directions
from the page where you are viewing them.
Hence, to replace the content
of one of these items from a particular page forward,
think in terms of superseding or supplanting it, not in terms
of editing it.
You can also think of these items
as single "structures" or small "containers"
that -- once created on a given page -- have the ability to show
up on all pages from the point of creation onward. You
can change the same structure (e.g., Header A) later in the document
by editing any single display of it, not just on the page
where it was created. All "instances" of that structure
will change immediately -- forward until discontinued, or another
item of the same type (A or B) is encountered, and backward to
the creation page. (You are really only dipping down into a single
structure when you edit a repeating element on any page where
it displays. WordPerfect takes care of displaying it wherever
-- and however often -- it is required.)
In summary:
To replace the same structure
so that the new content appears at a specific point in mid-document,
thereby leaving the display of the older version of that item
on previous pages alone, you can do one of two things:
- Either discontinue the
old structure (if you don't want any more of them to display
on subsequent pages, as demonstrated in the previous section,
"How to stop them"); or
- create a new, revised one on a new page, as in
the next illustration (if you want them to display on subsequent
pages). Most often you will choose this option.
The following diagram illustrates
a replacement header on page 4.
Schematically (for the first
several pages) -
If you Create a new Header
A on page 4...
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Header A |
Header A |
Header A |
Create a new
Header A |
Header A |
Header A |
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...it will
produce this change in the document:
Old
Header A |
Old
Header A |
Old
Header A |
New
Header
A |
New
Header
A |
New
Header
A
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How to delay them to another page
To add to this mix of options,
you can delay the onset of any of these elements by
one or more pages. That is, you can -
- delay the starting of a new item (e.g., delay the start
of a new footer until the second page);
- delay the stopping or "discontinuance" of an
item (e.g., shut off, on page 2, a header, footer and/or watermark
that was created on page 1); or
- delay the suppression of an item until a specific number of
pages have passed.
The principal advantage of this
feature, and its most common use, is to allow you to set up special
formatting for a subsequent page -- but these actions will only
have an effect if there are subsequent pages. Otherwise,
they exist only as format codes inside a "container"
code: the [Delay] code you will see if you use this feature.
To use this feature in a document,
click Format, Page, Delay Codes, X (where 'X' is the number of
pages to delay the action -- usually this is set to "1").
Typically, you perform these steps on page 1 so that you can
delay some action until page 2, if there is a page 2.
This opens the Define Delay Codes
window, and any actions you specify there -- such as starting
a new header, discontinuing an existing footer, or setting new
page margins (but see the NOTE below)
-- will be carried out on the specified (subsequent) page.
If, for example, Header B is
delayed until page 2, you would have the sequence XBBBBB....
Schematically (for the first
several pages) -
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Header B |
Header B |
Header B |
Header B |
Header B |
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And if,
for example, Footer A is discontinued on page 2 and Footer
B is started on page 2 . . .
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Footer A |
Footer B |
Footer B |
Footer B |
Footer B |
Footer B |
In the first case you could,
of course, simply suppress the element on page 1. But because
delay codes are created in their own special Define Delayed Codes
window, you can delay several items with the same [Delay] code,
which might be a better way of keeping them together.
Also, you can hide the [Delay]
code inside the document's initial style code to prevent accidental
deletion or movement of the code. (See Footnote
1.)
CAUTIONS
- One downside to using a [Delay]
code: You can't use Edit, Find and Replace to search inside
a [Delay] code. However, you can use F&R to remove
these elements; see "How to remove them".
TIPS
- You can open an existing [Delay]
code the same as you can open (to edit) many WordPerfect codes.
Just double click on the code in Reveal Codes.
NOTE
- To delay setting new
page margins or return (reset) them to the 1-inch default
on page 2 of a document, see this
tip. A small bug was introduced in WP10 (and still present
in WPX3) that requires an extra step in the Delay Codes procedure.
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How to overlay them
It is worth remembering that,
like transparent pieces of film, you can overlay either type
(A or B) of a repeating element with the other type by using
them on the same page(s).
Since A and B of the same element
will occupy the same space on the page, be sure to separate text
or graphics inside them so the material in one doesn't conflict
with (i.e., overlap) the material in the other on the same page.
(Usually, setting different line justification or adding a few
hard returns will separate the materials. For more precision,
use Format, Typesetting, Advance.)
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How to remove them
Headers, footers, and watermarks
are created with WordPerfect format codes, so you can
delete them from the document by deleting the codes. (You should
back up your document first.)
Here are some general methods:
- Open the Reveal Codes window
to locate the code. Then either (1) drag the [Header], [Footer],
or [Watermark] code from the Reveal Codes window to delete it;
or (2) use the [Delete] or [Backspace] keys to delete the code.
- If you need to quickly delete
all codes of a given type in the document, place your
cursor at the very top of the document (before all codes and
text), then click Edit, Find and Replace.
- In the Find and Replace dialog
that appears, delete anything that might be in the "Find:"
field, then click Match, Codes from the dialog's menu.
- In the Codes dialog that appears,
scroll down to code you want to remove: Header A, Header B,
Footer A, Footer B, Watermark A, or Watermark B.
Click on the listed item in the Codes dialog, then click Insert
& Close. You should now see the code in the "Find:"
field.
- Tip: You can also copy the code from your
document and paste it into the Find and Replace field.
- In the Find and Replace dialog's
"Replace with:" field, choose <Nothing> (or simply
delete the contents of this field with Delete or Backspace),
then click Find Next (to find the first code), then click Replace.
- Repeat deleting each remaining
code with Find Next ... Replace, or simply click Replace All.
- Note: You cannot use Find and Replace to
find codes inside a [Delay] code, as mentioned above.
This is a limitation of the program, at least for recent versions
of it. You will have to edit the [Delay] code by double-clicking
on the [Delay] code in Reveal Codes and then removing the header,
footer, or watermark code contained in it.
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Example: Modifying the current document or a custom template
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For the current
document: Note that you can
use this method in the current document (.WPD), but the SupDelay
("Suppress and Delay") macro probably is more convenient
if you have to do it often. For future documents, you probably will want to modify the template
(.WPT) on which those documents are based. See the procedures
below.
For new custom
templates: Create the template
with File, New (or New from Project), Options button, Create
WP Template. A new document will open, named Template1. You can
create everything here, or import a previously created (one page)
document with Insert, File.
For existing
custom templates: Edit the
template with File, New (or New from Project), select the template
by name, then click the Options button and choose Edit WP Template.
Example (taken from the SupDelay
macro page):
Let's say you want to use Header
A, Footer A, and/or Watermark A for your first page letterhead
design (or to supplement the design of preprinted stationery),
or for the title page of a company report.
Assume you want to use Header
B, Footer B, and/or Watermark B for other things (such as a name,
date, document title or page number) on the second and subsequent
pages -- if there are any such pages in a given document.
Also assume you have set new
margins on Page 1, and want to return the margins to some preferred
default setting on subsequent pages, if there are any. (Sometimes
body text "runs over.") You don't have to create
any header, footer, or watermark, but if you do you can set them
up like this:
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Page 1: |
Page 2 and subsequent
pages (if any): |
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Header A available |
(Header A discontinued) |
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(Header B suppressed) |
Header B available |
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Footer A available |
(Footer A discontinued) |
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(Footer B suppressed) |
Footer B available |
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Watermark A available |
(Watermark A discontinued) |
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Watermark B available |
Watermark B available |
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No page numbers on Page 1 |
Page numbering continues (if page
numbering was turned on) |
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Page margins can be customized |
Page margins reset to 1" (the
WP default setting, but this can be easily changed; see also
the Important
Note in the first section
above on this page) |
Here's how.
- Go to the top of your template
(i.e., page 1) and set up both varieties (A and B) of the headers
and footers, set up one or both watermarks, and set new Page
1 margins if desired.
Then either play the SupDelay macro or
manually suppress and delay pages:
- Assuming you have used Header
A and Footer A on the first page of the template, you can set
up Header B (and Footer B) for the second and subsequent pages.
Do both of these things while editing page 1 of the template.
That is, create all headers and footers on the first page.
- Next, you need to discontinue
(i.e., stop) Header A and Footer A on the second and subsequent
pages (you don't need them anymore), and supress Header
B and Footer B on page 1 (you don't want them to appear until
page 2).
- The first task (discontinue
Header A and Footer A) is done with Format, Page, Delay Codes,
1, OK. Then click Header/Footer, Header A, Discontinue. Do the
same for Footer A. You can also discontinue Watermark A, if it
is used, and reset margins for the second and subsequent pages.
Then click the Close button to return to the main template window.
- For the second task (suppress
Header B, etc.), go to the top of the document and click Format,
Page, Suppress. On the dialog that pops up, choose Header B,
Footer B, and (probably) Page Numbering. Click OK.
- Save the template with File,
Save. If it's a new template, save it in the group category of
your choice.
- TIP: On page 2 you can create a new Header
A, Footer A, and Watermark A instead of discontinuing (stopping)
them. The newly created elements will simply take over on page
2, automatically discontinuing the same elements that are on
page 1.
- TIP: Several of these techniques were used
in the LETTERHD template
in the Library.
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Barry MacDonnell's